Brain injury can occur when a sudden trauma or a condition causes damage to the brain. Depending on what part of the brain is affected, brain injuries can cause a wide range of signs and symptoms.

An acquired brain injury (ABI) is brain damage that has been caused by an event that has occurred after birth. Acquired brain injuries can be further classed as either traumatic brain injuries (TBI), such as those resulting from a fall or road accident, or non-traumatic brain injuries, which includes damage caused by conditions such as stroke and meningitis.